{"id":42622,"date":"2019-03-20T17:54:40","date_gmt":"2019-03-20T22:54:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.chinainarabic.org\/?p=42622"},"modified":"2019-03-20T17:54:40","modified_gmt":"2019-03-20T22:54:40","slug":"%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%84-%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%88%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chinainarabic.org\/?p=42622","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646: \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"

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— \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 57103 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a 2018\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0641 14717 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0648 28172 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0627 3502. \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 2.5 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

— \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. “\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627” \u0648 “\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627”.<\/p>\n

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— \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 5.2 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 35 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

— \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 38.6 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064025 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 18.5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n

— \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 17 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 7175 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a 2017. \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0632\u0647\u0627\u0621 60 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645.<\/p>\n

— \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642. \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062d\u0648 10 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 2.5 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 6.5 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 1.3 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 3.5 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636.<\/p>\n

— \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0642\u0637 163 \u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 94 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 113 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642.<\/p>\n

— \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u0634\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 81 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 27 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

— \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621. \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 “\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642” \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2018\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 2000 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064f\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

–\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 (\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u062c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0628\u062b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

1- \u062e\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 57103 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 14717 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 28172 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 3502 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 (www.gunviolencearchive.org\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 24 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2019). \u0648\u0641\u064a 18 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 “\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u064a” \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0632\u064a\u0633 (17 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627) \u0628\u0642\u062a\u0644 10 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062f\u0633. \u0648\u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627 (www.washingtonpost.com, May 19, 2018). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 8 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u062d\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0646\u063a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062a\u0644 12 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f (www.nbcnews.com, November 9, 2018). \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a (\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646\u063a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a) \u0641\u064a 6 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 2.5 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 4.14 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016.
\n\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 (\u0623\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0644 19) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 2 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0640 “\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631” \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 (\u0623\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0644 19)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 (www.article19.org, May 2, 2018). \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 (\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0643) \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a 16 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631. \u0641\u064a 7 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (\u0633\u064a.\u0625\u0646.\u0625\u0646) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 (uk.reuters.com, November 19, 2018). \u0648\u0641\u064a 19 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 (\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0648) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 34 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 9 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a 15 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 44 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646) \u0641\u064a 22 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 “\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627”\u060c \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0623\u0646 “\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627”.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062f\u0634\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062f\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643. (www.aclu.org, August 22, 2018).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a 28 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a (\u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646) \u0623\u0646 575 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 4 \u0625\u0644\u0649 6 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 212 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0648. \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 300 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c \u0641\u064a 4 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 (chicagotribune.com, June 28, 2018, thehill.com. September 6, 2018; edition.cnn.com. October 5, 2018). \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a 11 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646 32 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u064a\u063a\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2018\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646. \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a (\u0630\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0631) \u0641\u064a 6 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0623 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 23 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995 (newyorker.com, February 6, 2018).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 (\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a) \u0641\u064a 19 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062c\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 27 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 5.2 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 35 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 (\u0633\u0646\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0633) \u064a\u0648\u0645 8 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018 (www.opensecrets.org, November. 8, 2018). \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 69.1 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 (www.usatoday.com, November 16, 2018).<\/p>\n

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3- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644<\/p>\n

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\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u064a. \u0623\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 18.5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0642\u0639. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629.
\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 38.6 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064025 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0628\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646. “\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629”. (www.washingtonpost.com, June 25, 2018).<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a 17 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 (\u064a\u0648.\u0625\u0633.\u0623\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064a) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0646 43 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u0627\u0621 40 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 (www.usatoday.com, July 17, 2018 and October 1, 2018).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u064a. \u0623\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u0627\u0621 44 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a (www.washingtonpost.com June 25, 2018). \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 (\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018\u060c \u0623\u0646 46 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645 (news.gallup.com, December 10, 2018). \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u0627 19 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646 65 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a 4.7 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 (abcnews.go.com, December 17, 2018).<\/p>\n

\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 (www.usatoday.com, October 1, 2018). \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2018\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 134278 \u0641\u064a 2017\u060c \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 16136 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 (www.auditor.ca.gov). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0646\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 (www.usatoday.com, August 14, 2018).<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0631. \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a 70 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064010 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1999\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 33 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a 2017\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 47 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 (nytimes.com, August 15, 2018)<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (\u0628\u064a.\u0628\u064a.\u0633\u064a) \u0641\u064a 12 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 26 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0648\u0646 “\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0646”\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0623\u062a \u0631\u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627 \u0641\u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.
\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645 22 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643 “\u0625\u064a.\u062c\u064a” \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0632\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 21 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064c\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. “\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0632\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062e \u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647”\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0632\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f (www.usatoday.com, December 4, 2018).<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0643\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u064a 12 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2018\u060c \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 “\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062e\u0637\u0623”\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0630\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 “\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a” (www.usatoday.com, April 15, 2018; abcnews.go.com, April 19, 2018). \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0643\u0633 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646) (www.theguardian.com, May 28, 2018).<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0632\u060c \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 46 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 20 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 11 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 6 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. (edition.cnn.com, November 27, 2018 and www.usatoday.com, October 29, 2018). \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a. \u0648\u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643. \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 21 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u0647 \u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (\u0633\u064a.\u0625\u0646.\u0625\u0646) \u064a\u0648\u0645 12 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 938 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017\u060c \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 37 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a (www.latimes.com, November 13, 2018).<\/p>\n

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\n\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633. \u0641\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a \u0633\u064a) \u0641\u064a 12 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 2018\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1970\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646.
\n\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 94 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 163 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1986 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0647 97 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.
\n\u0648\u0641\u064a 14 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 19 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 17 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062c\u0631\u062d 14 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 (www.usatoday.com, 14 February , 2018)
\n\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 (\u0628\u064a\u0648) \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 18 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 57 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 63 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645.
\n\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 113 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a 2017-2018. \u0641\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 160 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 27 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 40 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a 27 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0626 (www.usatoday.com, August 14 and September 24, 2018). \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 10 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 600 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u064f\u0643\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629.
\n\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0641\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0641\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0625\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 (www.usatoday.com, July 26, 2018). \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 “\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646” \u0641\u064a 6 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 88 \u0637\u0641\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.
\n\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646” \u0641\u064a 18 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0638\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 ” \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629” \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.
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\n\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 690 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 (www.chicagotribune.com, December 19, 2018). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 (\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631-\u062a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645) \u0641\u064a 9 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a 40 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644.
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\n\u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 “\u0647\u0641\u064a\u0646\u063a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a” \u0641\u064a 14 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 5712 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 “\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632” \u0641\u064a 8 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0642\u064f\u062a\u0644\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064f\u062a\u0644\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2006 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 2014.
\n\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u062d\u0648 19.5 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 80.5 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 (www.businessinsider.com, August 27, 2018).
\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0646 (www.huffingtonpost.com, November 28, 2018; www.nationalpartnership.org, April and September, 2018).
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 “\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644” \u0641\u064a 21 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0646. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 70 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u064f\u0644\u0646 \u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 (www.pewsocialtrends.org, January 9 and September 20, 2018).
\n\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f “\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628” \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 10 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018 \u060c\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0646 46 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064f\u0644\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 30 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631.
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\n\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 “\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0634\u064a\u062a\u062f\u0628\u0631\u0633” \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a 14 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0640 16 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 30 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a 176 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 2017 \u0648 2018\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 205 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 “\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0646” \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a 16 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0651\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 22 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 85 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a :” \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u063a\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062c\u062d\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636” \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b :” \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646”.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":42623,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[11,403,192,22],"class_list":["post-42622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-3","tag-11","tag-403","tag-192","tag-22"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646: \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 - \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chinainarabic.org\/?p=42622\" \/>\n<meta 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